9 December — New data from the European Union’s climate monitor show 2025 is virtually certain to finish as one of the hottest years in recorded history. According to the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), 2025 — based on January to November data — is on track to tie with 2023 as the second-warmest year on record globally, behind only 2024.
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At the same time, November 2025 has become the third-warmest November on record, with global surface air temperatures significantly above long-term norms.
What The Numbers Show:
From January to November 2025, the global average temperature anomaly relative to the pre-industrial baseline (1850–1900) stood at +1.48 °C.
For November alone, the global average surface air temperature was recorded at 14.02 °C, about 0.65 °C above the 1991–2020 November baseline.
Why This Matters:
The latest findings from C3S underscore a continued and accelerating global warming trend. The fact that 2025 — even with a natural climate system possibly shifting toward cooler phases — is set to be among the warmest years ever highlights how strongly human-driven greenhouse-gas emissions are influencing Earth’s climate.
Moreover, November’s anomalously high temperatures reflect broader patterns of climate disruption, including rising sea-surface temperatures, shrinking polar ice, and increased frequency of extreme weather events. Experts warn that sustained warming trends such as these will exacerbate impacts on ecosystems, infrastructure, and vulnerable communities worldwide.
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The data reinforce warnings from other global climate authorities. For example, recent analyses indicate the world is entering a period where multi-year average temperatures may exceed the 1.5 °C threshold set under the Paris Agreement — a result scientists have long cautioned could trigger severe environmental, economic and social consequences.
At the same time, 2024 remains the warmest year on record. The fact that 2025 is likely to follow so closely behind signals the urgency of accelerating climate mitigation and adaptation efforts globally.
The updated Copernicus data adds fresh impetus to global calls for deep and immediate reductions in greenhouse-gas emissions. Climate experts emphasize that without swift, concerted action to shift away from fossil fuels, strengthen renewable energy deployment and enhance resilience measures, the window for limiting warming — and avoiding the most dangerous impacts — is rapidly narrowing.
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Source – Copernicus: 2025 on course to be joint-second warmest year, with November third-warmest on record
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